在2001年3月，塔利班在阿富汗巴米扬谷地炸毁了高53米的巴米扬大佛。尽管国际社会进行了抗议，但这些被列为联合国世界文化遗产的纪念碑无法得到保护。自2021年以来，塔利班重新掌权，没有人知道历史是否会在这个问题上重演。
In March 2001, the Taliban blew up the 53-meter-high Buddha statues in Afghanistan’s Bamiyan Valley. Despite international protests, the monuments, which are listed as a UNESCO World Heritage Site, could not be saved. Since 2021, the Taliban have been back in power and no one knows if history will repeat itself in this matter.
有些人想要拯救文化，而有些人则想要摧毁它。我们深入探讨了为什么和如何，数千年来，图像破坏者一次又一次地试图打破权力结构并试图抹去记忆——出于宗教、意识形态或政治原因。
Some want to save culture, others destroy it. We got to the bottom of why and how iconoclasts have been trying time and again for millennia – for religious, ideological or political reasons – to break power structures and attempt to erase memories.
在古埃及时期，法老的图片和纪念品被摧毁，或者雕像的鼻子被砍掉。在罗马帝国的许多图像中都有缺失。几个希腊雕像的头被砍掉，裸体男性雕塑也不受欢迎。首先是去除生殖器，后来则用著名的“无花果叶”遮盖。
被毁坏的狮身人面像
In ancient Egyptian time, pictures and mementos of pharaohs were destroyed or noses of statues cut off. There are omissions in many images from the Roman Empire. The heads were removed from several Greek statues, and naked male sculptures were also not welcome. First the genitals were removed, later on they were covered with the famous “fig leaf”.
不仅宗教引起了仇恨情绪，政治也是如此。在1789年的法国革命中，人们为了自由和更多的权利而在街垒上站岗，并推翻了专制国王的雕像。在最近的历史中，“黑人的命也是命”运动的挫败感导致了对种族主义、种族主义领导人及其历史模型和结构的反感，这促使南部将军的几座雕像被拆除。
DW纪录片《毁坏纪念碑如何抹去历史 How the Destruction of Monuments Erases History 2022》
Not only religion stirs up feelings of hatred, but also politics. In the French Revolution of 1789, people manned the barricades for freedom and more rights and toppled the statues of absolutist kings. In recent history, the frustration of the “Black Lives Matter” movement has been directed against racism, racist leaders, and its historical models and structures – which prompted the removal of several statues of Southern generals.
但也有应对这一困境的替代方法。柏林艺术家二人组Various & Gould使用纸浆将德国总理俾斯麦的雕像涂上了较暗的肤色，因为在他的政府领导下，非洲被划分为殖民地。在这一期的《艺术揭秘》中，我们调查了为什么图像破坏者一次又一次地发动袭击。
被摧毁的巴米扬大佛
But there are alternative ways of dealing with this dilemma. The Berlin artist duo Various & Gould used papier-mâché to give a statue of German Chancellor Otto von Bismarck, under whose government Africa was divided into colonies, a darker skin color. On this episode of Arts Unveiled, we investigate why iconoclasts strike again and again.
- 00:00 Intro – 概述
- 00:38 Buddhas of Bamiyan – 巴米扬大佛
- 01:55 Religious Zealots with a Mind for Business – 宗教狂热者和商业头脑
- 03:22 “Out of Sight Out of Mind” – “眼不见为净”
- 09:11 Greek Statues under Christian Faith – 基督教信仰下的希腊雕像
- 10:33 Christian Icons as Blasphemy – 基督教图标被视为亵渎
- 12:54 The French Revolution – 法国大革命
- 14:28 World Cultural Heritage – 世界文化遗产
- 16:38 What Do We Do With Lenin? – 我们该怎么办列宁？
- 18:42 The New Iconoclasts – 新的圣像破坏者
- 20:44 Don’t fear the Monuments – 不要害怕纪念碑
- 25:35 Conclusion – 结论
未经允许不得转载：每天一小时纪录片 » DW纪录片《毁像灭史/毁坏纪念碑如何抹去历史 How the Destruction of Monuments Erases History 2022》英语中字 720P高清纪录片
